Conditional sea surface statistics and their impact on geophysical sea surface parameters retrieved from SAR altimetry signals

In this study we present an analytical formulation of synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) altimetry signals including narrow banded nonlinear wave fields and conditional statistics between wave elevation displacements, horizontal wave slopes and vertical wave particle velocities. Considering the wave elevation displacements coskewness with respect to horizontal slopes leads to an analytical formulation of the electromagnetic bias within a SAR-mode altimeter stack. This formulation can be either parametrized by the significant wave height (SWH) and mean wave steepness, or in terms of the variance of vertical wave velocities. The effect of conditional vertical wave particle velocity variances with respect to the observed horizontal wave slopes close to nadir incidence angles leads to an effective reduction of the azimuth blurring of SAR-mode stacks. We present here a formulation of this effect by examining JONSWAP ocean wave spectra. In most cases this effect reduces the azimuth blurring by 10% to 30%. Additionally we investigate the effect of a nonlinear wave elevation displacement probability density function (PDF) on estimated geophysical parameters. We were able to show that including an elevation displacement skewness of 0.13 improves significantly the SWH consistency between altimetry and ECMWF Reanalysis v5 ERA5 results.All of these effects are validated with respect to ERA5 model data in the North East Atlantic region and in situ data located in the German Bight and Baltic Sea.The developed model can be used in both SAR and conventional altimetry retrackers.     

单向电永磁作动器结构优化与动态特性分析

针对电磁作动器的使用要求，设计出一种具有能耗低、吸力大及响应快等特点的新型单向电永磁作动器。结合有限元仿真软件，利用有限元法研究作动器的结构参数如铁芯齿形结构、平面结构、无永磁结构、铁芯的倾斜角度及衔铁位移（气隙厚度）等因素对作动器电磁吸力和响应速度的影响。结果表明，电磁吸力随着作动衔铁位移的增加而大幅度减小；倾角结构的铁芯设计能使作动器性能达到最佳，且铁芯的倾斜角度为50°时，电磁吸力有最大值3071N。     

A Novel Onboard-gateway-based Mechanism to Improve TCP Performance in Aeronautical Satellite Networks

The IP-based networks on aircraft serve to support Internet services via satellites. However, in aeronautical satellite hybrid net- works,the TCP protocol performance often deteriorates due to improper decreases and slow recovery of the congestion window. This paper proposes a window size determination and notification mechanism, onboard-gateway-based mechanism (OGBM), which is based on the onboard gateway in the networks on aircraft. A cross-layer approach is adopted by the onboard gateway to obtain the satellite link bandwidth information. And then, by the gateway, through changing the receiver’s advertised window field in ACK packets, TCP sources are notified of the window size of each TCP source calculated on the ground of bandwidth delay product and flow numbers. The mechanism is able to avoid improper changes of TCP window and serve multiple users. Simulation results show that the mechanism with the fairness index close to 1 improves TCP performance in aeronautical satellite networks.     

反射面的轴向电磁散射及外形优化

本文联合运用几何光学和等效电磁流法,导出了金属反射面轴向散射场和雷达截面(RCS)的简洁表达式,研究了从旋转二次曲面(凹面或凸面)中寻找具有最低RCS值的曲面形状优化方法,给出了一个典型实例的单站RCS立体分布图,以及最低RCS值所对应的波谷曲线和最佳表面参数。     

圆波导圆柱轴＋平面叶片终端不连续性的计算

分析了圆波导中“圆柱轴＋平面扇形金属叶片终端”的不连续性，根据电磁场互易定理和物理光学法（ＰＯ）计算了这种终端对波导模的反射系数。这个问题的研究可用来解决喷气式发动机进气道对电磁波的反射，进一步地利用本文的结果可计算进气道的雷达截面（ＲＣＳ）或极化散射矩阵。     

天线的散射机理和雷达截面减缩

飞行器头部的天线是鼻锥方向的一个强散射源,它对目标雷达截面的贡献包括了普通的结构散射项和再辐射引起的模式散射项,后者是天线作为一个加载散射体所特有的。本文给出了这两项雷达截面的散射机理和分析计算方法,并提出了减小天线雷达截面的若干技术途径及其实际效果。     

电磁轴承及其在航天工业中的应用

电磁轴承是一种新颖的非接触式支承部件。介绍电磁轴承的基本工作原理、特点，以及国内外的研究状况。最后给出了作者经过试验得到的电磁轴承的实物照片。     

电磁兼容实验室接地装置的设计与安装

合理地设计和安装接地装置对无线电实验室、电磁兼容实验室以及电磁屏蔽室等具有十分重要的意义。分析了影响接地线电阻和流散电阻的主要因素，提出了结合电磁兼容实验室的特殊要求接地线、接地体选取的方案以及通过土壤改良来降低土壤电阻率的具体措施，并简要阐述了接地装置安装施工的过程及接地电阻测量的方法。     

加速度对含铝复合推进剂瞬时燃速的影响

本文研究了加速度向量对含铝复合推进剂瞬时燃速的影响.其中包括加速度大小和方向对推进剂瞬时燃速增加率的影响和在同一加速度条件下铝粉粒径、铝粉含量和铝粉形状对瞬时燃速增加率的影响.此外,还对研究结果进行了分析和讨论.     

宽频带带状线魔T的一种新颖的分析与设计方法

介绍了一种宽频带带状线魔T的设计原理,并采用了一种新颖的设计方法,即利用Ansoft公司的电磁场高频结构仿真软件HFSS对所设计的器件进行分析。所设计的魔T带宽可达一个倍频程以上,在设计频段(1GHz~2GHz)内,移相偏差Δ<±5°,幅度不平衡ΔA<1dB,回波损耗小于-19dB,端口隔离度小于-20dB。